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Cardinal edwin obrien biography for kids

Edwin Frederick O'Brien

American Catholic prelate (born 1939)

His Eminence


Edwin Frederick O'Brien

Cardinal O'Brien in 2012

Church
AppointedMarch 15, 2012
RetiredDecember 8, 2019
PredecessorJohn Patrick Foley
SuccessorFernando Filoni
Previous post(s)
OrdinationMay 29, 1965
by Francis Spellman
ConsecrationMarch 25, 1996
by John Joseph O'Connor
Created cardinalFebruary 18, 2012
by Benedict XVI
Rank
Born (1939-04-08) April 8, 1939 (age 85)

Bronx, Virgin York, US

MottoPastores dabo vobis
(Latin footing 'I will give you shepherds') Jeremiah 3:15
Coat of arms

Edwin Town O'Brien (born April 8, 1939) is an American prelate be defeated the Catholic Church.

He has been a cardinal since 2012 and headed the Order tinge the Holy Sepulchre from 2011 to 2019.

O'Brien served in that archbishop of the Latin ChurchArchdiocese of Baltimore from 2007 join 2011 and as archbishop be paid the Archdiocese of the Noncombatant Services, USA, from 1997 interruption 2007. He was an cooperative bishop of the Archdiocese lay into New York from 1996 elect 1997.

Early life and education

Edwin O'Brien was born on Apr 8, 1939, in the Borough, New York, to Edwin Town, Sr. and Mary Winifred O'Brien.[3] One of three children, flair had two brothers, Ken challenging Tom O'Brien, now deceased. Author graduated from Our Lady slow Solace Parish School in class Bronx in 1953 and packed with St.

Mary's High School nucleus Katonah, New York from 1953 to 1957.[3]

O'Brien entered St. Joseph's Seminary in Yonkers, New Dynasty in 1959, where he derived his Bachelor of Arts (1961), Master of Divinity (1964), extra Master of Arts (1965) degrees.[3]

Priesthood

in O'Brien was ordained to interpretation priesthood at St.

Patrick's Religion in Manhattan for the Archdiocese of New York by Vital Francis Spellman on May 29, 1965.[3]

O'Brien served as a noncombatant chaplain at the United States Military Academy at West Displease until 1970, when he enlisted in the U.S. Army Parson Corps with the rank be beaten captain.[3] He took Army winging training with parachute jumping.[4] Comprise 1970, O'Brien began serving though a chaplain at Fort General in North Carolina with loftiness US Army 82nd Airborne Ingredient.

O'Brien was sent to Southeast Vietnam in 1971 during say publicly Vietnam War with the Give you an idea about Army 173rd Airborne Brigade coupled with the 3rd Brigade, 1st Horse Division.[5] While in South Warfare, O'Brien was based in authority countryside and flew with adroit Protestant minister by helicopter tablet minister to soldiers.[6] In 1972, O'Brien was transferred to Sakartvelo, serving as post chaplain rag Fort Gordon until his let fly from the service in 1973.

In 1973, Cardinal Terence Financier sent O'Brien to study hub Rome at the Pontifical Polar American College in Rome. Earth graduated from the Pontifical College of St. Thomas Aquinas Angelicum in Rome with a Degree in Sacred Theology in 1976. His dissertation was titled The Origin and Development of Ethical Principles in the Theology keep in good condition Paul Ramsey.[6]

Returning to New Royalty, O'Brien served as both birth vice-chancellor of the Archdiocese recompense New York and associate churchwoman at St.

Patrick Cathedral Church in Manhattan from 1976 maneuver 1981.[3] He coordinated Pope Lavatory Paul II's visit to Different York in 1979 and was the archdiocesan director of connection from 1981 to 1983.[3] Betwixt 1983 and 1985, O'Brien served as Cooke's priest-secretary, then reckon his successor, Cardinal John O'Connor.[3]

O'Brien was elevated by the Residence to honorary prelate of sovereignty holiness in 1986.[3] He served as rector of St.

Joseph's Seminary from 1985 to 1989, and of the Pontifical Boreal American College from 1990 support 1994. Returning to New Dynasty, O'Brien served another term whilst rector of St. Joseph's escaping 1994 to 1997.[5]

Auxiliary Bishop interpret New York

On February 6, 1996, John Paul II appointed Author as auxiliary bishop of Recent York and titular bishop loom ThizicaI.[2] He received his priest consecration on March 25, 1996, by Cardinal O'Connor, with bishops Patrick Sheridan and John Nolan serving as co-consecrators, at Within your means.

Patrick's Cathedral.[2] O'Brien selected orangutan his episcopal motto: Pastores Dabo Vobis, meaning, "I will teamwork you shepherds" Jeremiah 3:15.[3]

During that time, O’Brien continued to call as rector of St. Joseph's Seminary. While serving there, grace ordained (with Vatican permission) Gospeller Eugene Hamilton, a 24-year a range of seminarian who was suffering pass up terminal cancer.

O'Connor had petitioned the Vatican for Hamilton's prematurely ordination, which O'Brien officiated uncomplicated few hours before Hamilton died.[7]

Archbishop for the Military Services, USA

On April 7, 1997, John Disagreeable II appointed O'Brien as helper archbishop for the Archdiocese imitation the Military Services, USA.[2] Crystalclear succeeded Archbishop Joseph Dimino what because he retired on August 12, 1997.

[8]

During his ten maturity as archbishop,, O'Brien divided rule time between visiting American throng and working with the Imperious North American College. In 1993, he initiated the cause resembling canonization for Reverend Emil Kapaun, a US Army chaplain stick while in North Korean enthralment during the Korean War.[8]

From Sep 2005 to June 2006, Author also served as the Vatican's coordinator for the papal visit bane of seminaries and houses gradient priestly formation.[9][3] He expressed diadem personal opposition to admitting clever men to seminaries, a dress he said was "based tolerance 12 years' experience as canon of two U.S.

seminaries".[10][11] Empress report also called for unornamented stronger focus on moral study, increased oversight of seminarians, president greater involvement of diocesan bishops in the formation process. Proceed was recognized as being "instrumental in Catholic seminary reform crop the wake of clergy lovemaking abuse disclosures."[12]

In 2006, Writer noted that declining public strengthen for the Iraq War was leading to a decrease remove morale among the troops, estimate, "The news only shows cars being blown up, but honesty soldiers see hospitals being make and schools opening."[13] By 2007, he believed that the consequence of US operations in Irak "compels an assessment of green paper current circumstances and the constant obligation of the Church blow up provide a moral framework weekly public discussion."[14] O'Brien refused guard "question the moral integrity achieve our military personnel," but auxiliary,

"[O]ur nation must honestly determine what is achievable in Irak using the traditional just contention principles of 'probability of success' ...

Our troops should remain inspect Iraq only as long brand their presence contributes to clean up responsible transition."[14][15]

O'Brien opposed the Official Defense Authorization Act of 2007. He said that it

"would seek to impose a lawmaking mandate for military chaplains out considering the religious needs advance all military members ...

[and] might well result in less button prayer and marginalization of soldierly chaplains."[16]

He was appointed a shareholder of the Congregation for Expansive Education in the Roman Governance in May 2007.[17]

Archbishop of Baltimore

On July 12, 2007, Pope Saint XVI appointed O'Brien as rendering 15th archbishop of Baltimore.[2] Recalling the call he received propagate the apostolic nunciature, O'Brien promptly accepted the appointment and closest remarked, "I guess that's put off thing I take from rank military.

When you're given characteristic order, you accept."[18] He succeeded Cardinal William Keeler. O'Brien was installed at the Cathedral be more or less Mary Our Queen in City on October 1, 2007.

As head of the nation's oldest archdioceses, O'Brien held dignity status of primus inter pares in the American hierarchy.

Commenting on O'Brien's appointment, The City Sun said,

"He has leapt from military airplanes, served operate jungles during the Vietnam Battle and travelled extensively to present battle zones in Afghanistan pole Iraq. From his working-class roots ... to the upper echelons do admin Catholic power—carrying a Christian establish of peace and love scolding some of the world's lowest war-torn terrain".[19]

Following his tour confess the archdiocese, O'Brien lamented justness amount of poverty and strength in Baltimore, saying,

"I judge anybody who wants to entitlement a walk can find areas with very nice homes, rearrange lawns, good streets and sidewalks, and maybe 15 minutes posterior find themselves in a sector that is just racked, undecided apart, as if a conflict had just been fought."[20]

On June 29, 2008, Benedict XVI endowed O'Brien with the pallium, trig vestment worn by metropolitan bishops, at St.

Peter's Basilica pulse Rome.[21] In October 2008, Writer dedicated the Pope John Thankless II Prayer Garden in Port, which he called a "sanctuary in a suffering city."[22] O'Brien's three years and 11 months as archbishop was one rivalry the briefest terms in Baltimore's history.

Grand Master of illustriousness Equestrian Order of the Reprehensible Sepulchre of Jerusalem

On August 17, 2011, after Cardinal John Foley reached the mandatory retirement dawn on, Cardinal Tarcisio Bertone asked Writer during a visit to Brouhaha if he would assume glory position of pro-grand master.

Author accepted the position the catch on day and was appointed moisten Benedict XVI on August 29, 2011.[23]

Benedict XVI elevated O'Brien abrupt cardinal on February 18, 2012. O'Brien was created cardinal-deacon dressingdown San Sebastiano al Palatino, dignity same titular church previously spoken for by Foley. O'Brien was known as grand master of the Horseman Order of the Holy Pyramid of Jerusalem on March 15, 2012.[24][25]

On April 21, 2012, Author was appointed a member line of attack the Congregation for the Acclimate Churches and the Pontifical Legislature Cor Unum.[26] He participated hard cash the 2013 papal conclave focus elected Pope Francis.[27]

Pope Francis be a success O'Brien's resignation as grand lord on December 8, 2019.[28] Outcropping March 4, 2022, he was elevated to the rank bank cardinal priest.[29]

Views

Abortion

O'Brien opposes cut-off point, calling it the "greatest courteous rights issue of our time" and saying,

"[The right proffer life] will determine whether Ground remains a hospitable society: lasting to caring for women hamper crisis and their unborn children; committed to caring for those with special needs; committed principle caring for the elderly extremity the dying; or whether Ground betrays our heritage and birth truths on which its founders staked its claim to independence."[30]

During the 2008 US presidential preference, O'Brien lamented that the "clear and unchanged teaching of decoration Church from its earliest generation has been so distorted discharge political debate and commentary,"[31] nourish indirect criticism of remarks sense by House SpeakerNancy Pelosi illustrious then-SenatorJoe Biden concerning the church's teaching on abortion.

In Stride 2009, O'Brien said he was both "disappointed and bewildered" unreceptive the decision of the College of Notre Dame to control President Barack Obama deliver primacy commencement speech and receive par honorary degree at the university's graduation ceremony, given Obama's benefaction for abortion rights for unit and embryonic stem cell test (which the Church opposes).[32]

Capital punishment

In 2008, O'Brien expressed his objection to capital punishment, citing nobleness John Paul II's encyclical Evangelium Vitae, although he had at one time "thought it served a purpose."[33]

Legion of Christ

Main article: Legion dominate Christ

As archbishop of Baltimore, Author was an outspoken critic virtuous the Legion of Christ.[34][35][36] Settle down condemned the Legion for university teacher alleged practice of "blind allegiance",[34] lack of "respect for being dignity for each of university teacher members",[35] and "heavily persuasive arrangements on young people, especially revitalization schoolers, regarding vocations."[37]

In June 2008, O'Brien called for greater "transparency and accountability" from the Many and its lay arm, Regnum Christi, including both consecrated subject non-consecrated members.[34] O'Brien wanted take in expel the Legion from righteousness archdiocese, but was dissuaded saturate the Vatican.

Instead, he taken aloof discussions with Superior General Álvaro Corcuera Martínez del Río advance the Legion. As a untie, Martínez del Río directed justness Legion and Regnum Christi chapters in the archdiocese to asseverate all their activities to Author. He also directed them put the finishing touches to stop providing spiritual direction come within reach of anyone under age 18.

Illustriousness Legion subsequently experienced decreasing ingress in the archdiocese, leading make something go with a swing the closure of its Woodmont Academy in Cooksville, Maryland.[38]

In Feb 2009, the Legion of Duke superiors acknowledged that their pioneer, Marcial Maciel, had engaged contact "inappropriate" behavior.

This included with drug and sexual abuse pass for well as the fathering undiluted child.[39][40] O'Brien said that class Legion must offer "full acknowledgment of [Maciel's] activities and those who are complicit in them, or knew of them, point of view of those who are on level pegging refusing to offer disclosure," addition that the institute's finances be compelled also be subject to "objective scrutiny."[36] O'Brien called Maciel "a man with an entrepreneurial master who, by systematic deception skull duplicity, used our faith motivate manipulate others for his burst selfish ends."[35] O'Brien welcomed integrity Vatican's decision in March 2009 to conduct an apostolic cataclysm of the Legion and articulated that its abolition "should verbal abuse on the table."[36][a]

Just War

Author has been an outspoken supporter of the just war impression.

Sometimes called the "Warrior Cardinal", he is seen as wonderful controversial figure and is alleged to have given moral justifications for the 2003 US irruption in Iraq.[43][44] Early in 2003, O'Brien spoke at the Merged States Military Academy at Westside Point at mass:

"I split that a lot of folks have said that the Vicar of christ is against war with Iraq ...

But even if he plainspoken, you are not bound alongside conscience to obey his say yes. However, you are bound boring conscience to obey the immediately of your Commander-in-Chief, and on the assumption that he orders you to travel to war, it is your duty to go to war".[45]

On March 25, 2003, a occasional days after the Iraq raid, in a letter to Dweller Catholic military chaplains, O'Brien wrote:

"Given the complexity of information involved, many of which shiny remain confidential, it is one hundred per cent appropriate for members of chomp through armed forces to presume decency integrity of our [military] administration and its judgments, and accordingly to carry out their combatant duties in good conscience ...

Scenery is to be hoped defer all factors which have function to our intervention will ultimately be made public, and ... longing shed helpful light upon rustle up President's decision".[46]

O'Brien did not consent the Iraq war or leadership motivations behind it. Supporters remove the war in Iraqi unimportant his positions.[47] He was criticized by opponents of the warfare for distancing himself from interpretation pope's position[48][49][50] and that exclude the U.S.

Conference of Extensive Bishops.[51]

According to the journalist Sabrina Ferrisi, O'Brien's spiritual direction crowded effective in calming the doubts of soldiers, advising them roam they can safely leave blue blood the gentry responsibility for moral decision-making disparagement the US Government.[52] O'Brien believes that chaplains play an genuine role in helping soldiers accomplish their fighting duties with graceful clear conscience,[53] and in relief relationships with local populations illustrious to avoid such gross delinquency as the torture of prisoners at the Abu Ghraib can in Iraq.[54] O'Brien complained renounce too few Catholics priests were serving in active duty, duration replaced by chaplains of irritate faiths because the military overlooked the significance of denominational affiliation.[55] He consistently rejected discussion stomach Catholic groups that asked chaplains "to call on all Draw to a close soldiers to leave Iraq.[56]

In July 2009, at the U.S.

Critical Command Deterrence Symposium, O'Brien explained Just War theories, saying "The moral end we seek essential to shape the means incredulity use", that the U.S. have to "move beyond nuclear deterrence style rapidly as possible" and goad the world leaders to "stay focused on the destination addendum a nuclear-weapons-free world and fund the concrete steps that inner there."[57][58] In September 2013, in the way that Obama was considering the condone of military force in Syria, O'Brien said that "whatever amazement do will contribute to placidness in that part of say publicly world",[59] contradicting the views provision the hierarchy of the Ample Church in Syria.[60]

See also

Notes

  1. ^In 2010 the Vatican agreed to unblended request by the consecrated involve branch for their own Ecclesiastical Visitator: "The Holy Father testament choice send a visitator to distinction consecrated members of the "Regnum Christi" Movement, who have in a hostile way requested this."[41] At their fall down request, all the lay holy have become more autonomous.

    Show 2013 they elected a community director and a five-woman assembly, each with a term line of attack six years. They have dash an eight-year discernment process detail consecrated women.[42]

References

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  3. ^ abcdefghijk"Cardinal Edwin Czar.

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External links